Skip to main content

Table 2 Dystonic disorders where etiology-specific treatment is available

From: Medical treatment of dystonia

  1. Dystonic disorders where etiology-specific treatment is available
  2. The disorders in this group can be categorized into neurometabolic disorders, heavy metal-related disorders and acquired disorders. The disorders in each subgroup are listed. The therapies are listed on the rightmost column. In the first two groups, the middle column demonstrated underlying enzymatic or protein defects with responsible genes in parentheses
  3. Abbreviations: AADC aromatic amino acid decarboxylase, GLUT1 glucose transporter type 1, IVIG intravenous immunoglobulin, LGI1 leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1, NMDA N-methyl-D-aspartate