Divergent oral cavity motor strategies between healthy elite and dystonic horn players

Table 1 Subject characteristics of elite and dystonic horn players

Gender	Age	Disorder duration (months)	Playing history (years)	Daily practice hours prior to ED	Daily practice hours with ED	Dystonia score
M	60	144	52	3	2	5
M	53	48	43	4.5	1.5	4
M	62	26	53	4.5	3.5	3
M	44	48	35	4.5	1	5
M	45	72	34	4	2	4
M	50	N.A.	48	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
M	31	N.A.	19	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
M	63	N.A.	50	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
F	50	N.A.	35	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
M	48	N.A.	34	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.
M	57	N.A.	45	N.A.	N.A.	N.A.

Dystonia score key - 5: unable to play the brass instrument due to cramping and dystonic movements, 4: still able to produce sound in certain registers, visible cramping, lip-pull, lip stop, tongue-lock, 3: still able to produce sound in all registers, however sound quality reduced in all registers, subtle visible signs of dystonia such as lip pull and leaks, 2: able to produce sound in all register, however, reduction of sound quality in certain registers, subjective discomfort and cramping, not necessarily visible, 1: professional sound quality, no visible sign of dystonia. (N.A. indicates not applicable)

ISSN: 2054-7072