Skip to main content
Fig. 3 | Journal of Clinical Movement Disorders

Fig. 3

From: The diagnostic value of saccades in movement disorder patients: a practical guide and review

Fig. 3

+” indicates presence of the abnormality 1Eye movement abnormalities are mostly not detected clinically (without special eye movement recordings) 2Especially on self-paced saccades 3But not always 4Later on, there is limitation of vertical gaze range. Differential diagnosis of vertical supranuclear gaze palsy include corticobasal degeneration (CBD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Kufor-Rakeb syndrome (KRS), Niemann-Pick type C (NPC), neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, Gaucher's disease, and Whipple's disease 5In vertical direction; can have round-the-house saccades 6Prominent 7In some patients with progressive supranuclear (PSP)-like phenotype 8Opsoclonus/ocular flutter 9Horizontal gaze more affected than vertical gaze, as opposed to PSP. Also has impairment in anti-saccade task 10Anecdotally, eye movements tend to be preserved relatively to motor and psychiatric impairment, as opposed to HD 11Hypometric vestibulo-ocular reflex 12Downbeat, gaze-evoked or rebound nystagmus 13Patients can have alternating skew deviation, gaze-evoked or periodic alternating nystagmus; oculocutaneous telangiectasia (not always); elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 14Oculomotor apraxia 15Elevated AFP Abbreviations: PD, Parkinson’s disease; MSA, multiple system atrophy; PSP, progressive supranuclear palsy; OMAS, opsoclonus-myoclonus ataxia syndrome; HD, Huntington’s disease; SCA, spinocerebellar ataxia; AT, ataxia-telangiectasia; AOA, ataxia with oculomotor apraxia

Back to article page